今天是2024年03月28日

Fu Tao: environmental industry will eventually become two mountain industries

 

    "The environmental industry is like a great legend. Environmental industry is great because of its altruism. It always exists in a high profile, but it has never been true. " Fu Tao, chairman and chief partner of E20 environmental platform, director of E20 ecological China Innovation Center of Tsinghua Strait Research Institute, and author of "two mountain economy", said that it is necessary to re recognize the environmental industry. At the "2019 (17th) water strategy forum", he brought the theme of "redefining environmental industry".

    At the forum, Fu Tao also published his latest book introduction to environmental industry, which introduced several development waves and stages of environmental industry, and analyzed in detail where the development path of enterprises is under the new industrial background.

The following is Fu Tao's on-site sharing:

    At the end of 2002, the former Ministry of Construction issued "opinions on accelerating the marketization process of municipal public utilities", which summarized the experience of water industry reform, clarified the direction of marketization reform, and ended the debate over whether municipal public utilities can be marketized for many years. In 2003, China's urban water reform entered the first year of marketization, and the subsequent water reform is called water marketization reform. Also in 2003, the water industry strategy forum began to be held. After 17 years, the theme covers policy, finance, management, technology, finance and other related topics, focusing on industry as much as possible. Compared with other industries, the rules of environmental industry have been changing. Because of this, the theme of water strategy forum has been changing for 17 consecutive years, witnessing and promoting the development of the industry.

As of now, the development of environmental industry has experienced two major waves of exhibition and is entering the third wave, Fu Tao said

    The first wave is led by BOT under franchising. Many leading environmental enterprises have developed with the help of this wave, such as North control water, the first-largest shares, Everbright and so on.

    The second wave was driven by three major ten articles. After the ten gas articles, the "ten water items" were released in 2015, and the environmental industry has changed from point governance to an effect oriented era. The second wave of great help is the rise of Pan PPP led by the Ministry of Finance and the development and Reform Commission. A large number of engineering projects are on the horse, with the PPP set off huge investment ups and downs. Of course, this boost is also rapid, and also makes the industry more clear that the nature of business, the longest aid or operational assets.

    We are about to usher in the third development wave in the context of ecological civilization.

    Standing at the crossroads, the confusion and confusion of the environmental industry

    Fu Tao pointed out that at this time node, water industry is actually at the crossroads of history, and many rules are changing. Standing at the crossroads, we must face up to many confusion and confusion:

    First, the unit market is shrinking. We will find it difficult to find more than 100000 tons of BOT water plant bidding projects, and large-scale waste incineration projects are also becoming less and less. After years of development, the well done work in the environmental industry has been completed, and the fields of BOT and waste incineration in sewage treatment plant have been very hot, Fu Tao stressed.

    Second, mature market has entered the competition stage of white heat. In addition to the maturity of the market itself, because many industries do not make money, a large number of enterprises also began to rush into the environmental industry to seek gold, which has brought the fierce market competition, and the gross profit rate is becoming lower and lower.

    Third, risks of new markets. Fu Tao said that less than 30% of the areas covered by 10 atmospheric, 10 water and soil can be directly included in the scope of industrial supply, and a large part of the demand will be released in the future. But the vast majority of the newly released demand is not market demand, and there is no clear financial support. For example, the treatment of black and smelly water, groundwater restoration, soil restoration, regional atmospheric treatment, etc.

    Fourth, the dilemma of the system market. Topics such as black and odorous water treatment, sponge city and so on are the definitions given by general secretary Xi Jinping from the perspective of perception. Fu Tao believes that these markets need systematic design, and need to be integrated with management, property rights, social ecology, even philosophy. System promotion can not be completed only by a certain enterprise. If you are used to being able to work at points, it's hard to drive the system market.

    The confusion is obvious. Fu Tao said that the current situation is that the leading large enterprises feel weak growth, and feel that the original path has been unable to go. So we found that in 2019, most companies have lowered their growth expectations.

    Due to the transfer of large enterprises, many small and medium-sized enterprises have been released in a short time, but the problem is also serious. Not only financing is difficult, but also the threshold of entrepreneurship and innovation is obviously improved, and the innovation is more difficult. The bottleneck that enterprises want to grow up from a small age is very serious.

    Need to recognize the changes of industrial background

    Fu Tao believes that to solve these puzzles and confusion, we need to understand the background changes of the industry.

    China is the beneficiary of industrial civilization. It took us 30 or 40 years to finish the industrialization process of western countries for more than 200 years. But industrial civilization is changing to ecological civilization. China is a country pursuing catching up in its bones. At this stage, we need to take a path with its own characteristics. Fu Tao thought that the general secretary of the road pointed out in the "Eighteen big" points that the construction of ecological civilization is a new way for China. "Xi Jinping"

    In the period of industrial civilization, we should emphasize simplicity and scale, and hope to concentrate all water as much as possible and then manage it. But in the period of ecological civilization, more emphasis was placed on unblocking, system and circulation. This also suggests that environmental enterprises can not explore the past model in order to achieve real development and to live in the future. The era of extensive expansion of world factories has ended, which requires us to adjust and innovate in system and mechanism.

    Facing such a big background, many enterprises will feel uncomfortable. If we don't really change the logic of development from the values of ecological civilization, then many paths will not work. Fu Tao pointed out that China's economy has entered the development shift period, and the driving factors are undergoing profound changes. This shift is actually very difficult, and the space schedule will be long for China.

    How to get through the gap period? The original capital played a great role in promoting the industry, but in the context of ecological civilization, it may be different. General secretary Xi Jinping said that "beautiful scenery" is "Jinshan Yinshan", giving the guiding ideology of "two mountains theory". Under this guidance, Fu Tao led the E20 Research Institute to do more than three years of research, forming a book "two mountain economy". Fu Tao said that the two mountain economy was officially published last year, and also tried to answer how to better implement the theory of "two mountains", so as to realize less, no spending, even making money for ecological protection.

    Fu Tao also believes that the current factor flow rate is declining. China's economy has seen double-digit growth over the past three decades. If we have ten pots, in fact, only seven pots have pot covers, and the economy is running fast. Everyone has lids. After the economy goes down, three pots without lids are exposed. As drum beating and flower spreading, some enterprises without covers will face severe test and even bankruptcy, Fu Tao said.

    From the essence of water industry, we should recognize new water industry and new service

   What will these problems have on the water industry? Fu Tao thinks that we should start thinking about the essence of water industry.

    Urban water industry is the product of urbanization and industrialization. Without the rapid development of urbanization and the rapid development of manufacturing industry, there will be no large number of environmental enterprises.

    Fu Tao believes that the real main force and the responsible body of environmental governance are local governments and pollution subjects. These two main responsibility bodies constitute Party A of the environmental industry. In the past 40 years, the two parties have never been stable, which has led to the swing of the environmental industry.

    The change of ecological civilization is more violent than any one, not only the structure is changing, but also the financial asset management, property rights and even the international environment.

    In the face of such change, we should also see the positive aspects of the crisis. The construction of ecological civilization has been paid great attention by the state from beginning to end, and pollution prevention and control has been put into one of the three key battles. Although many voices are being discussed, the dynamics of ecological civilization may slow down in the context of economic downturn. But a series of speeches by general secretary Xi Jinping have made clear again and again that the construction of ecological civilization will not give in at all. Although the government has cut taxes and has to live a hard life in general, the central government has transferred 30 billion yuan in water affairs, increasing 45 percent of its investment.


    The executive meeting of the State Council held on March 20 clarified the supporting measures for VAT tax reduction, decided to continue some of the tax preferential policies that have expired and give tax preference to the third-party enterprises for poverty alleviation donation and pollution prevention and control.

    A series of policy measures also show the determination of the Central Committee. We should firmly believe in it and constantly make efforts and innovate.

    Redefining the environmental industry and finding the value singularity

   Of course, as mentioned earlier, although the demand is large, there are few real market changes. Fu Tao stressed that this requires us to redefine the environmental industry, rethink our own value and re frame the new supply of water industry.

    Once the environmental industry was in the field of the government, do unit services. Under the background of strict supervision, the demand and risk of environmental industry are changed. For example, Shenyang sludge event, the local government has transported sludge to the place designated by the government according to the contract of sewage treatment franchise, which leads to the stacking of most of the sludge in the pit. The attribution of sludge disposal responsibilities caused by this form has long troubled the development of the industry. And then, Wuhan sewage event reflects another hot topic in the industry, the responsibility attribution of excessive water inflow leading to excessive effluent. Secondly, there are problems of neighborhood avoidance that have been bothering the industry.

    In this context, the boundary of the unit market will change constantly. The original task was completed only by completing the single point of governance goal. However, with the strict policy and the improvement of public demand for environmental governance, the demand for environmental governance is becoming more and more comprehensive. It is difficult for the government to clearly divide each sector. The era of unit element driven has ended and new supply needs to be constructed.

    Fu Tao believes that the more we recognize ecological civilization, the more we will realize who the industry serves. Under the ecological civilization, we must face the problem of exceeding the standard of the water produced by the excessive inflow. We must accept it calmly, even if it is not our responsibility, we must try to change the border with the government and industrial enterprises.

    The water industry will set off a third development wave to meet the return of service industry characteristics. Fu Tao pointed out that the water industry entered the era of fine service. China's water industry has grown rapidly and has begun to take shape, but it has many holes. We have completed from scratch, but the service level gap is too big, so it will be black and smelly, will waterlogging, and will be repeatedly treated.

    Under the background of new water industry and new service, the environmental industry will no longer be the cost center, must be the value center and go deep into the whole process. Fu Tao believes that a responsible environmental enterprise should define legal responsibility, and actively share risks and share responsibilities for Party A. Otherwise, it is difficult to develop continuously, which is the essence of service.

    Secondly, the environmental industry is no longer a substitute factory. The end of the future unit service requires environmental enterprises to actively connect with green transformation and integrate into the process of urbanization and industrialization.

    Third, mercenaries cannot be used any more, and they should be the main force of the ecological environment. At present, environmental enterprises are like mercenaries of local governments to a large extent. With their own professional means, they should make the best efforts to help local governments and industrial enterprises to achieve the governance objectives within the scope of the contract.

    Fourth, the environment industry is moving towards the era of systematic service. There is no doubt that the gradual separation of capital and services is a big trend. In this era, capital is one of the trumps, but it is not the only one.

    "The environmental industry is like a great legend. The environmental industry is great because of its altruistic attributes, and it has always been high-profile, but it has never been true. " At the forum site, Fu Tao published the latest book "Introduction to environmental industry". He introduced that ten years ago, he began to plan the writing of the book, but due to the changing rules of industry, it has not been finalized. After several easy draft, finally finalized the publishing plan. He laughed that it was time to publish, and that the environment industry would disappear without publication. He believes that the environmental industry will come from the cost center of urbanization and industrialization and will end up in the value center. Environmental industry is produced in industrialization and urbanization, and will eventually be integrated into the ecological civilization of blue sky and water, and become two mountain industries.



    The cover of the introduction to environmental industry is a Phoenix. Fu Tao said that the implication is nirvana, and the gradual disappearance of environmental industry is actually integrating into industry, city, green development and two mountain economy. In this sense, the introduction to environmental industry is more like a epitaph.

    Although the controversy is huge, the environmental industry is still redefined in the introduction to environmental industry, Fu said. We believe that the environmental industry is a part of modern service industry, and it is the sum of industries which can be considered and perceived for the responsible body of environmental services, as well as the industries which are strongly related to and directly extended with the above services.

    The first 20 years of China's reform and opening up are the incubation period of environmental industry, and it is only after 2000 that the era of environmental industry is really opened. According to Fu Tao, the development process of environmental industry can be described in four times:

    The early 1.0 era was called environmental protection industry, with the "point" governance service as the core. Later, it entered the era of 2.0, which was called the environmental industry, with "face" service as the core, but it was still the cost center and the end service. After entering the 3.0 era, the green industry will not be the cost center, but the value center. The idea of green industry is not based on the end service, but it should enter the whole process to provide Party A with a green system solution, which is more three-dimensional.

    In the 4.0 era, it is the two mountain industry that we should make green mountains into Gold Mountains and silver mountains. In this era, it emphasizes the cyclic incremental service of "cross time and space".

    The development process of industry is clarified, and it is also necessary to understand that the growth of fiscal and tax revenue in China is slowing down and the local government's ability to pay is weakened. The government payment problem will be further intensified, how to seize the opportunity? In his book "two mountain economy", Fu Tao also tried to answer the path of "two mountain theory". He stressed that the environmental industry should return to the value center.

    Facing the new era of business outlet, enterprises need to find their own value singularity. That is, the key point of effective link between natural ecological value and social ecological value.

    In the ecological civilization system, the value created by human labor is relatively small compared with the ecological value of the earth. The greater value of human labor lies in the value increment of linking the ecological cycle in nature. As Zhugeliang borrowed the story of Dongfeng, Zhugeliang fought with ecological links, and brought natural elements into "economic consideration".

    Fu Tao believes that the source of value under the "two mountain economy" system lies in natural circulation, ecological cycle and social cycle. He also mentioned Baidu search engine example, netizens are both questioners and respondents. The social cycle between people is linked by labor, which has great value.

    Whether the future is linked or linked depends on whether it occupies the value singularity. For example, Nanning, for example, is the end of the economy many times. Once ASEAN is activated, it may become the "capital" of China Connecting ASEAN in a broad sense, Fu Tao said. This is what is called the value singularity.

    Fu Tao stressed that the environmental industry is born on the value singularity. The future value singularity needs to be jointly built. At present, E20 Research Institute has been exploring and practicing in Handan, Huangshan, Zhengzhou, Shanghai and other places. Fu Tao said he hopes to work with strategic partners to capture the singularity of value, link up with the responsibilities of local governments, and also hope to better connect with national strategies such as the Yangtze River protection, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao and Dawan district.

    If an industry does not experience the winter of development, it will not mature and can not form a better and benign development. With the development and deepening of environmental industry, the tough period will bring new outbreak. The real backbone of China's environmental industry will also grow rapidly. Fu Tao said he would like to pay tribute to the Chinese water industry. Although success is difficult, once successful it will be world-class. In the world of the leader, if you want to be great, you are doomed to have no benchmarking.